| Getting a Divorce in Illinois |
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Last updated: July 2014
If you want to end your marriage you can file for divorce.
Grounds, or reasons, for divorce include:
You can also get divorced for irreconcilable differences, or “no reason” if:
Click on words that appear like 'this' to learn what these words mean.
A divorce will include ending the marriage, child related issues, dividing marital property, and deciding if either spouse will pay maintenance.
Dissolution of Marriage: This is the legal term for divorce. The Court will end your marriage and all the legal benefits that are a part of your marriage.
Child Related Issues: If you have children, the court will decide which parent the children will live with, how often the other parent can visit the children, and how much money the parent will pay for child support.
Property: The Court will divide the marital property fairly. Any bad behavior has nothing to do with how the property is divided.
Maintenance: The Court will also decide if maintenance (or alimony) will be to be paid from one spouse to the other spouse.
You can get divorced for a reason (grounds) or with no reason (irreconcilable differences).
Irreconcilable Differences:
Grounds:
A valid marriage must have a license, a formal ceremony, and a registration with the County Clerk. If you marriage never involved any of these three events, you will likely not need a divorce. If your marriage included some of these events, you may need to file for divorce.
To find free legal help for your specific marriage click the "Find Legal Help" tab.
Yes. If both spouses agree to the divorce for irreconcilable differences and have been separated for at least 6 months. Both spouses must sign a a waiver. If the waiver is signed, you will not have to wait until the 2 year separation period has passed.
Just in case your spouse decides they are not in agreement, you may want to plead other grounds for divorce besides irreconcilable diferences.
Note: If you are separated and residing in the same house it is wise to sleep in separate beds and no sexual intercourse.
You or your spouse must have lived in Illinois for at least 90 days before filing for divorce. You can only file for divorce in Illinois if you live in Illinois as your primary residence. For example, if you work in Michigan for several months of the year your primary residence must still be in Illinois.
For your divorce case to decide custody of your children, the children must have lived in Illinois for at least 6 months before you file for divorce. However, there are exceptions to this and if where you live and can file for divorce is a concern you should talk with a lawyer.
If both spouses live in different counties, either county will suffice. But if both spouses live in the same county, the mutual county is the correct county. If you wish to change the county of the divorce case, you must bring it up in your answer to the divorce petition.
There are usually two fees that you have to pay.
The filing fees vary from county to county. Call your county's Circuit Clerk to find out the cost for filing a divorce case and serving the divorce papers. To find out how to contact your county's Circuit Clerk, visit the Illinois Courts' website.
If you cannot pay these fees, you may ask the judge to allow you to go ahead without paying. You will need to prove you have limited income. Visit the "Related Articles" section to learn how to ask the judge to let you file for free.
A contested case is when you and your spouse do not agree. You have a contested case if your spouse:
An uncontested case is when you and your spouse agree on everything in your case. You have an uncontested case if you:
Note: Just because a divorce is uncontested does not mean that the settlement terms will be approved by the Court. The terms can't be too unreasonable and children must be properly supported in accordance with the law.
A Joint Simplified Dissolution of Marriage, or Joint Simplified Divorce, is a court process that makes it easier to get a divorce. Not every couple will meet the requirements for a Joint Simplified Dissolution of Marriage.
To get a Joint Simplified Divorce:
To learn more about Joint Simplified Dissolution of Marriage, go to the "Related Articles" section.
Your spouse cannot stop you from getting a divorce by refusing to "sign the divorce papers." If you can prove that you have grounds for divorce under Illinois law, you can get a divorce. It is the Judge and not your spouse, who decides to grant you a divorce.
Even if your spouse ignores the divorce case completely, you can still ask for a divorce.
In all divorce cases you serve your spouse giving your spouse legal notice that you have filed a divorce case.
If you cannot find your spouse to serve him or her with the divorce papers, then you can serve "by publication." You do this by publishing a notice in the local newspaper. Each county is different and you will need to contact your county's Circuit Clerk to find out which newspaper to publish your notice in. To find out how to contact your county's Circuit Clerk, visit the Illinois Courts' website.
You can only use service by publication if:
It is also a good idea to conduct a basic internet search for your spouses whereabouts.
If you have to serve by publication you will not be able to get:
These issues will be "reserved" which means that the Judge will not make any decisions about them when the divorce is granted. If you find your spouse later, then you can go back to court to have those issues decided.
No. One of the most important things you have to remember about your divorce case is that your spouse must have notice that you have filed for divorce so that they can take part in the case if they want to. Once your spouse receives a notice that you have filed for divorce, he or she can choose to ignore the case or get involved in it.
If your spouse chooses to ignore the case, then you can go ahead without their involvement. But your spouse must be given notice so that he or she can make that choice. If you do not give your spouse proper notice that you have filed for divorce, the judge cannot give you a divorce.
There is no way to know exactly how long it will take you to get a divorce. It depends on many things such as, how long it takes to notify your spouse about the divorce and whether your spouse decides to take part in the case to argue about issues such as custody and maintenance.
It is not uncommon for contested divorces to take in more than 18 months.
Several factors can slow down the divorce process.
Once you've filed for divorce, you can seek a temporary order granting you possession of the house. You'll have to file a written request for temporary relief in the divorce case and go to court on that request.
Orders for temporary relief give certain rights and privileges to one of the parties until the case is finished. The temporary order is replaced by the final and permanent order at the end of the case. An order for temporary relief may include the following:
In addition to giving you a divorce, the judge can make the following orders:
Yes. The law does not force him/her to change his/her name after divorce.
If you took your spouse's name after marriage, the Court can allow you to return to your maiden name or any other former name.
The Court cannot allow you to take a new name that you never had before. If you wish to change your name to something new, you have to file a separate legal action.
It is always a good idea to talk with a lawyer who will advise you of your rights even if you decide not to hire a lawyer.
If you think your spouse will disagree with you about an important issue, you have a contested case and you should get a lawyer to help you.
You may also need a lawyer if the issues in your case are complicated. You should talk with a lawyer if you:
Marital property is any property or money gotten during the marriage. For example, if you were to buy a lottery ticket on the way to your wedding and won, this would not be marital property. If you were to buy a lottery ticket after your wedding on the way to your reception, this would be marital property.
Most Property is marital property. The following are not marital property:
The court equitably divides marital property between the two spouses.
If the house title remains a joint tenancy after the divorce, one ex-spouse will still acquire the other ex-spouse's share of the property upon his/her death.
An ex-spouse is responsible any ex-spouse's expenses for the family during their marriage. An ex-spouse is not responsible an ex-spouse's post-divorce debts.
Yes. Civil union divorces are the same as a marriage divorce.
No. Same-sex divorces are the same as any other divorce.
You may use these forms and instructions to help you solve your problem. To find out where to file court forms and if there are any fees to file the forms, check with your county Circuit Clerk. To find out how to contact your Circuit Clerk, visit the Illinois Courts' website.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The forms created by this interview are not for use if 1) either of you own real estate; 2) either of you have a pension; or 3) you think your spouse will contest the divorce. The interview will end if you answer "yes" to any of these questions. If this is your situation you should talk to a lawyer because the divorce may be too complicated for you to handle on your own.
Go the “Related Articles” section to get more information on how to waive your court costs.
Complete the Uncontested Divorce Documents Interview, which you can find in the “Forms/Letters” section of this guide. This should prepare all of the forms that you will need.
The forms will not print in the order that you will use them, and you will need to make photocopies of many of them. The rest of the instructions below explain which forms you will need for each step and how many copies you should make.
Pick the county in which you will file your divorce. You will file your divorce in the county in which you live if you live in Illinois. If you do not live in Illinois, file your divorce in the county where your spouse lives. The courthouse for your county usually resides in the county seat.
After you file the Application to Sue as A Poor Person to the Circuit Clerk and it is either approved or denied, you should file:
If your spouse will agree to give up being served and agree to the terms of the divorce as you have asked for in your Petition, you should have him/her sign the Entry of Appearance, Waiver, and Consent form. If your spouse doesn’t sign the consent form then you must serve him or her.
To Serve by Sheriff:
National Association of Counties
To Serve by Publication:
If you cannot find your spouse to serve them with divorce papers after making good efforts to do so, then you can serve "by publication." You do this by publishing a notice in the local newspaper. Each county is different and you will need to contact your county's Circuit Clerk to find out which newspaper to publish your notice in. To find out how to contact your county's Circuit Clerk, visit the Illinois Courts' website
During this time your spouse can file an Answer and Appearance if he or she wants. If you are trying to serve by publication has until the date you listed on the Notice of Publication to file his or her response to the divorce. If he or she does not file a response in that time, he or she can be held in default and you can keep going with your case. Keep in mind, however, that the person you are suing cannot be held in default unless there was 30 days between the date listed in the Notice of Publication and the date the Notice first appeared in the newspaper.
Once you have served your spouse, you will need to wait 30 days to see if he/she files a response to your Petition. If your spouse has failed to file a response after 30 days have passed, you should ask for a hearing date. If the person you are suing has signed an Entry of Appearance, Waiver, and Consent form waiving service, you do not need to wait the 30 days before asking for your hearing.
Depending upon the county in which you filed your divorce, you will need to contact either the Circuit Clerk or the secretary of the judge who usually handles the divorce cases to request a hearing date. You can do this either by phone or by mail. When contacting the clerk or the judge’s secretary, be sure to ask for the default or pro se hearing date. Usually you do not have to tell your spouse of the hearing if he or she has signed an Entry of Appearance, Waiver and Consent or did not file a response within 30 days of the date of service. Some counties, however, make you send a Notice to your spouse of the hearing. If this is the case, you will need to fill out and send the Notice form to your spouse and file the Certificate of Mailing of Notice to certify when you mailed it.
You will need to prepare the Judgment of Dissolution of Marriage form.
If you have children, you should also have these child support forms:
Also bring all of the other documents that you filed when you started the divorce and any papers or documents that you used to help you fill those out (such as pay stubs, bank account information or tax returns).
While there is no way to know exactly what will happen at your hearing, here are some things you should do:
After the judge has signed the Judgment of Dissolution of Marriage and the Joint Parenting Order (if you are asking for joint custody) you will need to file your Judgment and the Order (if you are asking for joint custody) with the Clerk and send a file-stamped copy of the Judgment to your spouse.
To certify (prove) that you have done this you will need to file a Certificate of Mailing with the Clerk. As with all documents you file, be sure to keep file stamped copies of these documents for yourself.
If your spouse didn’t come to court for the hearing, or if the Judge doesn’t sign your Judgment on the day of the hearing, then you must mail a copy of the Judgment to him or her.
If you have minor children and you know where your spouse works, you must:
* Send the Notice to Withhold Income to your spouse’s employer;
* Send your spouse a copy of the Uniform Order for Support, by certified mail. When you mail it you will get a green receipt card. Attach this to the Affidavit of Service of Uniform Order for Support, then file the Affidavit with the court;
* File your Certificate of Mailing with the clerk;
* Get a file-stamped copy of the Certificate of Mailing;
* Send a copy of the Notice to Withhold Income to the State Disbursement Unit and to the Child Support Enforcement Unit. Their addresses are:
State Disbursement Unit
P.O. Box 5400
Carol Stream, IL 60197-5400
Division of Child Support Enforcement
Mail Response Unit
P.O. Box 19405
Springfield, IL 62794-9405
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