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https://www.illinoislegalaid.org/legal-information/understanding-your-public-utility-service-rights
Date: 04/30/2026

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Public utility service basics Guide

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Public utilities are electric, natural gas, water, sewer, and phone services regulated by the Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC).

Not all homes in Illinois have public utilities. Municipal and cooperative utility companies aren’t public.

Everyone can access public utilities on the same terms. Public utility companies must not discriminate against people who:

  • Ask for service,
  • Follow the company’s rules, and
  • Pay their share of the cost.

The ICC sets rules for public utilities. These rules include when utilities can be shut off or disconnected.

Paying for utilities

If you rent, your lease decides how utilities are paid for your unit.

Programs are available to help low-income people with utilities. Each program has its own requirements. Three main resources are:

  • Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP),
  • Illinois Home Weatherization Assistance Program (IHWAP), and
  • Low Income Household Water Assistance Program (LIHWAP).

Service problems

Call your utility company right away if you have any questions or complaints.

Check with the ICC if you aren’t sure whether:

  • Your utility provider is a public utility, or
  • Your public utility is following the rules.

Don't wait to contact the ICC with questions or problems. File informal complaints online or call Consumer Services at:

  • 1-800-524-0795,
  • 1-217-782-2024 outside Illinois, or
  • TTY at 1-800-858-9277.

Consumer Services might not be able to solve your problem. You have two years to file a formal complaint from the date the issue happened. An Administrative Law Judge will hold a hearing When the parties in a case present their sides of a case to a judge or other officer on your complaint and issue a final order. The ICC offers a Reference Guide to this process.

If you disagree with the result, you must ask for reconsideration within thirty days of the date the order was sent to you. If your request is denied, you have thirty-five days to appeal. A request to change a court's decision

Last full review by a subject matter expert
May 30, 2024
Last revised by staff
May 30, 2024

About our legal information

Take action

The low income home energy assistance program (LIHEAP)Guide
Learn about how the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program LIHEAP can help low-income households pay for utilities like electric, heat, and gas.
Report utility taps and tamperingHow-To
How to alert a public utility about suspected theft of services.
The low income household water assistance program (LIHWAP)Text article
Learn about how low-income households can get help paying for their water and wastewater utility bills through the Low-Income Household Water Assistance Program (LIHWAP).

Learn more

When a utility company may deny service Text article
Learn about why a public utility company may refuse to service you, and when they are allowed to refuse you.
Can a utility company ask for a deposit? Text article
Explains that companies must send a written demand for a deposit, but the guidelines are different for low income people
Reasons a utility company may shut off service Text article
Explains that utility companies must give you a 10 day notice before shutting off service and must have a good reason.
How to prevent a shut off by the utility company Text article
Explains situations, days, and hours in which a utility company cannot shut off service including holidays.
Basics of public utilities during the winter Text article
Explains the guidelines that public utility companies must follow during the winter or heating season between December 1 and the following March 31, for general consumers.
Public utility companies timeline for reconnecting services Text article
Explains that utility companies must reconnect your service within a certain time frame when you qualify again.
A pattern of avoiding payment for public utilities Text article
A utility company may ask for Payment Avoidance by Location (PAL) if it proves avoided payments at the same location.

Worried about doing this on your own?  You may be able to get free legal help.

Apply Online

Take action

The low income home energy assistance program (LIHEAP)Guide
Learn about how the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program LIHEAP can help low-income households pay for utilities like electric, heat, and gas.
Report utility taps and tamperingHow-To
How to alert a public utility about suspected theft of services.
The low income household water assistance program (LIHWAP)Text article
Learn about how low-income households can get help paying for their water and wastewater utility bills through the Low-Income Household Water Assistance Program (LIHWAP).

Learn more

When a utility company may deny service Text article
Learn about why a public utility company may refuse to service you, and when they are allowed to refuse you.
Can a utility company ask for a deposit? Text article
Explains that companies must send a written demand for a deposit, but the guidelines are different for low income people
Reasons a utility company may shut off service Text article
Explains that utility companies must give you a 10 day notice before shutting off service and must have a good reason.
How to prevent a shut off by the utility company Text article
Explains situations, days, and hours in which a utility company cannot shut off service including holidays.
Basics of public utilities during the winter Text article
Explains the guidelines that public utility companies must follow during the winter or heating season between December 1 and the following March 31, for general consumers.
Public utility companies timeline for reconnecting services Text article
Explains that utility companies must reconnect your service within a certain time frame when you qualify again.
A pattern of avoiding payment for public utilities Text article
A utility company may ask for Payment Avoidance by Location (PAL) if it proves avoided payments at the same location.

Supporting Law

If you want to learn more, you can use these resources as a starting point or learn more about doing your own legal research.
220 ILCS 5/1-101 et seq. This will take you to another website.
Ill. Admin. Code tit. 83 This will take you to another website.
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