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Date: 09/22/2025

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Real estate fraud basics Guide

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Real estate fraud happens when someone lies or uses false documents in a property deal. Fraudsters may take money or property. Buyers, sellers, or property owners may lose money or end up with a clouded title. A clouded title means ownership is unclear. A court case may be needed to fix a clouded title.

Three main types of real estate fraud in Illinois are:

  • Deed A legal paper that transfers ownership of real estate. It is recorded in the local land records. fraud (also called fake seller fraud),
  • Wire fraud, and
  • Fake earnest money scams.

Learn about safety steps for buyers in How property buyers can protect against fraud.

When warning signs suggest fraud, do not confront the suspect. Learn about Dealing with real estate fraud.

What kinds of false documents have been recorded in Illinois?
What is clouded title?
What is deed fraud (fake seller fraud)?
Who is most at risk for deed fraud?
What are some warning signs of deed fraud?
What legal claims can undo a false deed?
Can Illinois prosecutors charge fraudsters for false deed filings?
What is real estate wire fraud?
What are some warning signs of wire fraud?
What is an earnest money check scam?
What are some warning signs of a fake earnest money check?
Last full review by a subject matter expert
September 17, 2025
Last revised by staff
September 17, 2025

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Dealing with real estate fraud
How property owners can protect against fraud
How property buyers can protect against fraud
How property sellers can protect against fraud

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Real estate fraud common questions

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Dealing with real estate fraud
How property owners can protect against fraud
How property buyers can protect against fraud
How property sellers can protect against fraud

Learn more

Real estate fraud common questions
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© 2025 Illinois Legal Aid Online. 
All rights reserved.
 
ILAO is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. ILAO's tax identification number is 20-2917133.